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21.
Transient control law ensures that the aeroengine transits to the command operating state rapidly and reliably. Most of the existing approaches for transient control law design have complicated principle and arithmetic. As a result, those approaches are not convenient for application. This paper proposes an extrapolation approach based on the set-point parameters to construct the transient control law, which has a good practicability. In this approach, the transient main fuel control law for acceleration and deceleration process is designed based on the main fuel flow on steady operating state. In order to analyze the designing feature of the extrapolation approach, the simulation results of several different transient control laws designed by the same approach are compared together. The analysis indicates that the aeroengine has a good performance in the transient process and the designing feature of the extrapolation approach conforms to the elements of the turbofan aeroengine. 相似文献
22.
K.G. McClements 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(4):1443-1452
Detailed in situ studies of magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration, which play a crucial role in the release and redistribution of energy in solar flares, can be performed in tokamak plasmas under conditions resembling those of the flaring solar corona. Recent measurements and modelling of fast particle production during reconnection events in the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) are described. Specifically, observations in this device of electron acceleration during edge localised modes, and of both ion and electron acceleration during merging-compression plasma start-up, are presented, and possible implications of these studies for particle acceleration in flares are discussed. The results from MAST lend weight to the conjecture that large numbers of ions are accelerated to sub-MeV energies in flares. 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(11):2946-2958
An impact-time-control guidance law is required for the simultaneous attack of suicide attack unmanned aerial vehicles. Based on the nonlinear model, a two-phase guidance strategy is proposed. The impact time is derived in a simple analytical form of initial states and switching states, and it can be controlled by switching at an appropriate range. Firstly, a two-phase guidance law is designed to make the magnitude of the heading error decrease monotonically from its initial value to zero. And then, the feasible interval of the switching ranges and of the impact times under the acceleration constraint are given analytically in sequence. Furthermore, a general form of two-phase guidance law is proposed, which allows the magnitude of the heading error to increase in the first phase, to improve the applicability of the methodology. Having the same structure as proportional navigation guidance with a time-varying gain, the proposed algorithms are simple and easy to implement. The corresponding feedback form is presented for realistic implementation. When a predefined impact time is taken within its permissible set, the constraints on the acceleration and field-of-view will not be violated during the interception. Finally, simulations validate the effectiveness of the methodology in impact time control and salvo attack. 相似文献
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L.I. Dorman I.V. Dorman 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
A short history of the beginning of cosmic ray (CR) astrophysics is considered: from the hypothesis on CR origin as a result of Supernova explosions in the Metagalaxy, to a model of solar origin of CR, galactic origin based on the stochastic mechanism of charged particle acceleration in interstellar space, to extragalactic and hierarchical models of CR origin, as well as galactic CR origin taking into account radio-astronomical data. We consider also the first balloon results on the chemical contents of primary CR (especially of the contents Li, Be, B), important for any model of CR origin. Investigations of the injection problem, CR drift and diffusion acceleration by shock waves, and CR generation in Supernova remnants were also important steps in the beginning of CR astrophysics. 相似文献
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王鸿鑫 《民用飞机设计与研究》2012,(2):32-34,39
飞机液压管路系统振动不仅影响液压系统的工作性能及寿命,还将严重影响飞机的飞行安全。在首次飞行前,必须对其液压管路系统进行振动和应力测试分析。采用加速度和应力测试相结合的方法,通过仿真确定实测点,并将实测结果与仿真结果比较,获得飞机液压管路振动的合理测试方法与判据,为判断飞机液压管路振动是否在正常范围内提供便捷、可靠的数据。 相似文献
29.
Large-scale structure formation, accretion and merging processes, AGN activity produce cosmological gas shocks. The shocks
convert a fraction of the energy of gravitationally accelerated flows to internal energy of the gas. Being the main gas-heating
agent, cosmological shocks could amplify magnetic fields and accelerate energetic particles via the multi-fluid plasma relaxation
processes. We first discuss the basic properties of standard single-fluid shocks. Cosmological plasma shocks are expected
to be collisionless. We then review the plasma processes responsible for the microscopic structure of collisionless shocks.
A tiny fraction of the particles crossing the shock is injected into the non-thermal energetic component that could get a
substantial part of the ram pressure power dissipated at the shock. The energetic particles penetrate deep into the shock
upstream producing an extended shock precursor. Scaling relations for postshock ion temperature and entropy as functions of
shock velocity in strong collisionless multi-fluid shocks are discussed. We show that the multi-fluid nature of collisionless
shocks results in excessive gas compression, energetic particle acceleration, precursor gas heating, magnetic field amplification
and non-thermal emission. Multi-fluid shocks provide a reduced gas entropy production and could also modify the observable
thermodynamic scaling relations for clusters of galaxies. 相似文献
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